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product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 1 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 features ? constant-voltage (cv) and constant-current (cc) control without secondary-feedback circuitry ? green-mode function: pwm frequency linearly decreasing ? fixed pwm frequency at 42khz with frequency hopping to solve emi problems ? low start-up current: 10 a (typical) ? low operating current: 6.5ma (typical) ? peak-current-mode control in cv mode ? cycle-by-cycle current limiting ? v dd over-voltage protection with latch (ovp) ? v dd under-voltage lockout (uvlo) ? gate output maximum voltage clamped at 18v ? fixed over-temperature protection with latch applications ? battery chargers for cellular phones, cordless phones, pda, digital cameras, and power tools ? replacement for linear transformer and rcc smps description this highly integrated pwm controller provides several features to enhance the performance of low-power flyback converters. the patented topology of sgp100 enables simplified circuit design for battery charger applications. the result is a low-cost, smaller and lighter charger than a conventional design or a linear transformer. to minimize the standby power consumption, the proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease pwm frequency under light-load conditions. this green-mode function allows the power supply to meet power conservation requirements. the start-up current is only 10a, which allows large start-up resistance for further power saving. a charger can be implemented with few external components and minimal cost. a typical output cv/cc characteristic envelope is shown in figure 1. vo(v) io(ma) +/- 10% +/- 10% figure 1. typical output v-i characteristic typical application
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 2 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 marking information pin configuration ordering information part number pb-free package SGP100SZ 8-pin sop-8 pin descriptions name pin no. type function cs 1 analog input current sense. connected to a current-sense resistor for peak-current-mode control in cv mode. the current-sense signal is also provided for output-current regulation in cc mode. pgnd 2 ground power ground. comi 3 analog output current compensation. output of the current error amplifier. connect a capacitor between the comi pin and sgnd for frequency compensation. comv 4 analog output voltage compensation. output of the voltage error amplifier. connect a capacitor between the comv pin and sgnd for frequency compensation. vs 5 analog input voltage sense. output-voltage-sense input for output-voltage regulation. sgnd 6 ground signal ground. vdd 7 supply power supply. gate 8 driver output the totem-pole output driver to drive the power mosfet. vs comv comi gate vdd sgnd cs pgnd 3 1 2 4 5 6 8 7 sop-8 sgp100tp xxxxxxxxywwv t : s=sop p : z=lead free + rohs compatible null=regular package xxxxxxxx : wafer lot y : year; ww : week v : assembly location
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 3 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 block diagram
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 4 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 absolute maximum ratings symbol parameter value unit v dd dc supply voltage* 30 v v l input voltage to cs, comv, comi, vs pins -0.3 to 7.0 v p d power dissipation 400 mw r jc thermal resistance (junction-to-case) 68.3 c/w t j operating junction temperature -40 to +125 c t stg storage temperature range -55 to +150 c t l lead temperature (wave soldering or infrared, 10 seconds) 260 c electrostatic discharge capability, human body model 4.5 kv esd electrostatic discharge capability, machine model 200 v *all voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to the gnd pin. *stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. recommended operating conditions symbol parameter max. unit t a operating ambient temperature -20 to +85 c *for proper operation. electrical characteristics v cc =15v, t a =25c, unless otherwise noted. v dd section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit v op continuously operating voltage 25 v v dd-on turn-on threshold voltage 15 16 17 v v dd-off turn-off threshold voltage 6.25 6.75 7.25 v i dd-st start-up current 0< v dd < v dd-on -0.16v 10 20 a i dd-op operating supply current v dd =20v, f s =f osc , c l =1nf 6.5 7.5 ma v dd-ovp v dd over-voltage protection level 27 28 29 v t ovp v dd over-voltage protection debounce fs=f osc 90 130 180 s i dd-ovp v dd over-voltage protection holding current v dd =5v 10 30 50 a oscillator section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit center frequency 39 42 45 f osc frequency frequency hopping range 2.2 2.6 3 khz t fhp frequency hopping period 2.75 3.00 3.25 ms f osc-n-min minimum frequency at no-load 350 500 650 hz f osc-cm-min minimum frequency at ccm 20 25 35 khz
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 5 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 voltage-sense section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit t ratio proportion of t on and t dis for brownout protection* t on /t dis 1.5 i tc-25 cv temperature compensation current 9 10 11 a * guaranteed by design. current-sense section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit z cs filter resistance 2 k ? t pd propagation delay to gate output 150 200 ns t leb leading-edge blanking time t min-n -t pd 825 1025 1225 ns t min-n minimum on-time at no load 1075 1200 1350 ns v slope slope compensation* 0.37 0.40 0.43 v d saw duty cycle of saw limiter* 35 40 45 % v th-va valley threshold voltage for current limit v th-ft - 0.4 v th-f t - 0.25 v th-ft - 0.1 v v th-ft flat threshold voltage for current limit 1.2 1.3 1.5 v * guaranteed by design. th va v ? th ft v ? max d cy 40% saw limiter voltage error amplifier section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit v vr reference voltage 2.475 2.500 2.525 v v n green-mode starting voltage f s =f osc -2khz 1.55 1.70 1.85 v v g green-mode ending voltage f s =1khz 0.55 0.90 v s g green-mode frequency decreasing rate s g =(f osc -3khz)/(v n -v g ) 25 35 45 hz/mv i v-sink output sink current v vs =3v, v comv =2.5v 85 100 115 a i v-source output source current v vs =2v, v comv =2.5v 85 100 115 a v v-high output high voltage v vs =2.3v 4.5 v current error amplifier section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit v ir reference voltage 2.475 2.500 2.525 v i i-sink output sink current v cs =3v, v comi =2.5v 40 60 80 a i i-source output source current v cs =0.5v, v comi =2.5v 40 60 80 a v i-high output high voltage v cs =0.5v 4.5 v
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 6 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 gate section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit dcy max maximum duty cycle 70 75 80 % v ol output voltage low v dd =20v, i o =10ma 1.5 v v oh output voltage high v dd =8v, i o =1ma 5 v t r rising time v dd =20v, c l =1nf 200 ns t f falling time v dd =20v, c l =1nf 80 ns v clamp output clamp voltage v dd =25v 15 18 v over-temperature protection section symbol parameter test condition min. typ. max. unit t otp threshold temperature for otp* + 135 150 165 o c * guaranteed by design. + when the over-temperature protection is activated, the power system enters latch mode and output is disabled.
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 7 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 typical characteristics operation c urrent (i dd-op ) vs t emperature 4.500 5.000 5.500 6.000 6.500 7.000 -40-25-10 5 203550658095110125 temperature ( ) i dd-op (ma ) turn_on threshold voltage (v dd-o n ) vs temperature 15.0 15.4 15.8 16.2 16.6 17.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) v dd-on (v) turn-off threshold voltage (v dd-off ) vs temperature 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) v dd-off (v) c enter f requenc y (f osc ) vs t emperature 37.000 39.000 41.000 43.000 45.000 47.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) fosc (khz) reference voltage (vvr) vs temperature 2.400 2.440 2.480 2.520 2.560 2.600 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) vvr (v ) reference voltage (v ir ) vs t emperature 2.40 2.44 2.48 2.52 2.56 2.60 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) v ir (v )
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 8 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 min. f requenc e at no-load (f osc-n-min ) vs temperature 400.0 440.0 480.0 520.0 560.0 600.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) f osc-n-min (h z ) min. frequency if ccm (f osc-cm-min ) vs temperature 22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) f osc-cm-min (k h z ) g reen-mode f requenc y d ec reas ing r ate (s g ) vs temperature 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) s g (hz/mv) min. o n time (tmin) vs temperature 1000.0 1100.0 1200.0 1300.0 1400.0 1500.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) tmin (ns ) leading edge blanking time (t leb ) vs t emperature 800.0 900.0 1000.0 1100.0 1200.0 1300.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) t leb (ns ) g reen-mode starting voltage (v n ) vs temperature 1.500 1.560 1.620 1.680 1.740 1.800 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) v n (v)
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 9 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 green-mode ending voltage (vg) vs temperature 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) v g (v ) o utput s ink c urrent (i i-s in k ) vs temperature 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) i i-sink (ua) o utput s ourc e c urrent (i i-s o u r c e ) vs t emperature 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) i i-source (ua ) o utput s ink c urrent (i v-sink ) vs t emperature 70.000 80.000 90.000 100.000 110.000 120.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) i v-sink (ua ) o utput s ourc e c urrent (i v-source ) vs t emperature 70.000 80.000 90.000 100.000 110.000 120.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) i v-source (ua) maximum duty c ycle (dc y ma x ) vs temperature 71.00 73.00 75.00 77.00 79.00 81.00 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 temperature ( ) dcy ma x (% )
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 10 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 operation description the patented topology of sgp100 enables simplified circuit design for battery charger applications. without secondary feedback circuitry, the cv and cc control can be achieved accurately. as shown in figure 2, with the frequency-hopping pwm operation, emi problem can be solved using minimized filter components. sgp100 also provides many protection functions. the vdd pin is equipped with over-voltage protection and under-voltage lockout. pulse-by-pulse current limiting and cc control ensure over-current protection at heavy loads. the gate output is clamped at 18v to protect the external mosfet from over-voltage damage. also, the internal over-temperature protection shuts down the controller with latch when over heated. gate signal +/- 2.6khz 44.6khz frequency hopping period 3ms 39.4khz figure 2. frequency hopping start-up current the start-up current is only 10a. low start-up current allows a start-up resistor with high resistance and low-wattage to supply the start-up power for the controller. a 1.5m ? , 0.25w start-up resistor and a 10f/25v v dd hold-up capacitor are sufficient for an ac-to-dc power adapter with a wide input range (90v ac to 264v ac ). operating current the operating current has been reduced to 6.5ma. the low operating current results in higher efficiency and reduces the v dd hold-up capacitance requirement. green-mode operation figure 3 shows the characteristics of the pwm frequency vs. the output voltage of the error amplifier ( v comv ). the sgp100 uses the positive, proportional, output load parameter ( v comv ) as an indication of the output load for modulating the pwm frequency. in heavy load conditions, the pwm frequency is fixed at 42khz. once v comv is lower than v n , the pwm frequency starts to linearly decrease from 42khz to 500hz (0.55v), providing further power savings and meeting international power conservation requirements. comv v frequency 1khz g v n v 40khz 42khz 500hz figure 3. green-mode operation frequency vs. v comv constant voltage (cv) and constant current (cc) operation an innovative technique of the sgp100 can accurately achieve cv/cc characteristic output without secondary side voltage or current-feedback circuitry. there is a feedback signal for cv/cc operation from the reflected voltage across the primary auxiliary winding. this voltage signal is proportional to secondary winding, so it provides controller the feedback signal from secondary side and achieves constant-voltage output. in constant-current output, this voltage signal is detected and examined by the precise constant current regulation controller, which determines the on-time of the mosfet to control input power and provide constant-current output. with feedback voltage v cs across the current-sense resistor, the controller can obtain the input power of power supply. therefor e, the region of constant current output operation can be adjusted by a current-sense resistor.
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 11 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 temperature compensation the sgp100 has built-in temperature compensation circuitry to provide constant reliable voltage regulation at differing ambient temperatures. this internal positive temperature coefficient (ptc) compensation current is used to compensate for the temperature due to the forward-voltage drop of the diode output. the internal ptc current passes through the external resistor (r 1 ). the value of r 1 determines the temperature compensation amount. the suggested value for r 1 is 10~20k with a +/-1% tolerance value. auxiliary winding vs 10k~20k 1% temperature compensation ptc sgp100 r1 + v ? 1 r figure 4. temperature compensation leading-edge blanking each time the power mosfet is switched on, a turn-on spike occurs at the sense resistor. to avoid premature termination of the switching pulse, a 150ns leading-edge blanking time is built in. conventional rc filtering can therefore be omitted. during this blanking period, the current-limit comparator is disabled and cannot switch off the gate driver. under-voltage lockout (uvlo) the turn-on and turn-off thresholds are fixed internally at 16v/6.75v. during start-up, the hold-up capacitor must be charged to 16v through the start-up resistor, so that the sgp100 is enabled. the hold-up capacitor continues to supply v dd until power can be delivered from the auxiliary winding of the main transformer. v dd must not drop below 6.75v during this start-up process. this uvlo hysteresis window ensures that hold-up capacitor is adequate to supply v dd during start-up. v dd over-voltage protection v dd over-voltage protection prevents damage due to over-voltage conditions. when the voltage v dd exceeds 28v due to abnormal conditions, pwm output is latched off. over-voltage conditions are usually caused by open feedback loops. over-temperature protection (otp) the sgp100 has a built-in temperature sensing circuit to shut down the pwm output then enters latch mode once the junction temperature exceeds 150c. when the pwm output shuts down, the v dd voltage gradually drops to the uvlo voltage. the pwm controller does not release latch mode until the ac is unplugged. gate output the sgp100 bicmos output stage is a fast totem pole gate driver. cross conduction is avoided to minimize heat dissipation, increase efficiency, and enhance reliability. the output driver is clamped by an internal 18v zener diode to protect power mosfet transistors from undesired over-voltage gate signals. built-in slope compensation the sensed voltage across the current-sense resistor is used for current mode control and pulse-by-pulse current limiting. built-in slope compensation improves stability and prevent sub-harmonic oscillations due to peak-current mode control. the sgp100 has a synchronized, positively-sloped ramp built-in at each switching cycle. noise immunity noise from the current sense or the control signal can cause significant pulse width jitter. while slope compensation helps alleviate these problems, further precautions should still be taken. good placement and layout practices should be followed. avoiding long pcb traces and component leads, locating compensation and filter components near the sgp100, and increasing the power mos gate resistance improves performance.
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 12 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 reference circuit 5w flyback 5v/1a circuit comi comv sgnd vdd vs cs gate pgnd sgp100 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 l n ac input bd1 c1 c2 l1 r1 d1 r2 c3 r3 r4 c4 d2 r5 r6 r7 d3 c5 r8 c6 r9 r10 c7 d4 c8 r11 c9 c10 l2 r12 t1 u1 r13 bom list symbol component symbol component symbol component r1 resistor 1.5m 1/2 w d3 diode 1a/1000v fr107 tr1 ee-16 lm=1.5mh pri:sec:aux=135:10:33 r2 resistor 4.7 d4 diode 5a/60v sb560 r3 resistor 115k 1% c1 electrolytic capacitor 1f/400v r4 resistor 18k 1% c2 electrolytic capacitor 10f/400v r5 resistor 47 c3 electrolytic capacitor 10f/50v r6 resistor 100 c4 mlcc x7r 47pf r7 resistor 1.4 1/2w 1% c5 snubber cap. 222pf/1kv r8 resistor 150k 1/2w c6 mlcc x7r 683pf r9 resistor 200k c7 mlcc x7r 103pf r10 resistor 56k c8 mlcc 102pf/100v r11 resistor 47 c9 electrolytic cap. 560f/10v l-esr r12 resistor 510 c10 electrolytic cap. 330f/10v l-esr r13 wirewound resistor 18 l1 inductor 1mh bd1 rectifier diode 1n4007 *4 l2 inductor 5h d1 diode 1a/200v fr103 q1 fairchild 2a/600v 2n60 to-251 d2 diode 1n4148 u1 sgp100
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 13 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007 package information 8pins-sop(s) 1 4 8 5 h e e b a a1 d c f l dimensions millimete r inch symbol min. t yp .max.min.t yp .max. a 1.346 1.752 0.053 0.069 a 1 0.101 0.254 0.004 0.010 b 0.406 0.016 c 0.203 0.008 d 4.648 4.978 0.183 0.196 e 3.810 3.987 0.150 0.157 e 1.016 1.270 1.524 0.040 0.050 0.060 f 0.381x45 0.015x45 h 5.791 6.197 0.228 0.244 l 0.406 1.270 0.016 0.050 ? 0 8 0 8
product specification primary-side-control pwm controller sgp100 ? system general corp. - 14 - www.sg.com.tw ? www.fairchildsemi.com version 1.1.1 (iao33.0042.b1) september 26, 2007

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